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RCR TOOLKIT
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Jump to: RCR Topics: General | RCR Topics: On Postdocs | RCR Training: General | RCR Training: On Postdocs
RCR Topics
General
The AAAS-ORI Bibliography and Resources on the Responsible Conduct of Research (Feb 2005)
http://www.aaas.org/spp/sfrl/projects/ori.shtml
Large database of references and online resources on RCR
Collaborative Institutional Training Initiative, University of Miami, CITI Responsible Conduct of Research Program
https://www.citiprogram.org/rcrpage.asp
Extensive on-line RCR courses; although postdocs might be less likely to be engaged by on-line courses, these modules provide a significant source of instructional material
ORI's RCR Educational Resources Web page
http://ori.dhhs.gov/education/products/
ORI's extensive database of educational products and resources on the topics and teaching of RCR
Responsible Scientific Conduct Bibliography from University of Pittsburgh Survival Skills and Ethics Program
http://www.survival.pitt.edu/library/biblio/responsilble.asp
Steneck, N.H. (2004) ORI Introduction to the Responsible Conduct of Research
http://ori.dhhs.gov/documents/rcrintro.pdf
An introduction to RCR, with a useful list of resources in its bibliography
On Postdocs
Burroughs Wellcome Fund and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (2006) Making the Right Moves: A Practical Guide to Scientific Management for Postdocs and New Faculty, Second Edition
http://www.hhmi.org/labmanagement
Text on lab management skills for postdocs and junior faculty, based on courses held in 2002 and 2005 by BWF and HHMI
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (2006) Mentoring International Postdocs: Working Together to Advance Science and Careers
http://ori.dhhs.gov/education/products/chop_mentoring
A video guidebook, supported by ORI, centered on case studies to raise awareness and training in mentors of postdocs.
Eastwood, S., Derish, P., Leash, E., and Ordway, S. (1996) "Ethical issues in biomedical research: Perceptions and practices of postdoctoral research fellows responding to a survey." Science and Engineering Ethics 2: 89-114
Study of ethical matters relating to research and publishing involving postdoctoral research fellows at UC San Francisco; nearly 40% reported having had no guidance on research ethics from a mentor.
Gluck, M.E., Blumenthal, D., and Stoto, M.A. (1987) "University-Industry Relationships in the Life Sciences: Implications for Students and Post-Doctoral Fellows." Research Policy 16: 327-336
A study on potential conflicts of interest for graduate students and postdocs when their funding comes directly from industry supporters
Martinson, B.C., Anderson, M.S., and de Vries, R. (2005) "Scientists Behaving Badly." Nature, 435, 737-738
Study on self-reported research “misbehaviors” or questionable research practices, with comparison of late-, mid- and early-career scientists. Surveyed early-career scientists, 58% of which are postdoctoral fellows, showed different patterns in misconduct, and reported a somewhat lower rate of committing misconduct than mid-career scientists (28% compared with 38%).
National Academies Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (2000) Enhancing the Postdoctoral Experience for Scientists and Engineers: A Guide for Postdoctoral Scholars, Advisors, Institutions, Funding Organizations, and Disciplinary Societies Washington, DC: National Academies Press
http://www.nap.edu/books/0309069963/html
A guide on various aspects of professional development for postdocs
National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine (1997) Adviser, Teacher, Role Model, Friend: On Being a Mentor to Students in Science and Engineering, Washington, DC: National Academies Press
http://books.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=5789
Specifically addresses issues of mentoring of and for postdocs
Sigma Xi (1999) The Responsible Researcher: Paths and Pitfalls. Research Triangle Park, NC: Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society.
http://www.sigmaxi.org/programs/ethics/ResResearcher.pdf
General advice for students, postdocs, as well as faculty and scientists in government and industry. Chapter 4 focuses on Postdoctoral Fellows; while it is directed at the postdoc, it highlights some of the most pertinent concerns and issues in RCR for postdocs
Tarnow, E. (1999) "The Authorship List in Science: Junior Physicists' Perceptions of Who Appears and Why." Science and Engineering Ethics 5: 73-88.
A study of the awareness of physics postdocs of authorship guidelines in their community, finding that there was low awareness and little discussion of authorship criteria between postdocs and supervisors.
RCR Training
General
American Association for the Advancement of Science. Integrity in Scientific Research.
http://www.aaas.org/spp/video/.
A video guide on case studies of various RCR topics
Bebeau, M.J., Pimple, K.D., Muskavitch, K.M.T., Borden, S.L., and Smith, D.L. (1995) Moral Reasoning in Scientific Research: Cases for Teaching and Assessment. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University.
http://poynter.indiana.edu/mr/mr-main.shtml
Handbook for teaching scientific ethics through moral reasoning; uses a case study approach
Board on Health Sciences Policy and Institute of Medicine (2002) Integrity in Scientific Research: Creating an Environment That Promotes Responsible Conduct. Washington, DC: National Academies Press
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10430&page=84
Focuses on research integrity in the biomedical sciences. Note in particular Chapter 5: "Promoting Integrity in Research through Education" which contains advice on how to teach RCR and how it should be integrated with the teaching of basic research skills
Fischer, B.A. and Zigmond, M.J. (2001) "Promoting Responsible Conduct in Research Through "Survival Skills" Workshops: Some Mentoring is Best Done in a Crowd." Science and Engineering Ethics 7(4): 563-87.
Addresses the efficacy of "survival skill"-types of programs for teaching graduate student; many have successfully adapted this approach also for postdocs
Korenman, S.G. and Shipp, A., eds. (1994) Teaching the Responsible Conduct of Research Through a Case Study Approach: A Handbook for Instructors. Washington, DC: Association of American Medical Colleges
Guidance and useful case studies for teaching RCR
ORI's RCR Educational Resources Web page
http://ori.dhhs.gov/education/products/
ORI's extensive database of educational products and resources on the topics and teaching of RCR
RCR Education Consortium Home Page (2002-2004)
http://rcrec.org/
An extensive online repository of RCR education resources for instructors
On Postdocs
Alexander, M. and Williams, W.R. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
A Guidebook for Teaching Selected RCR Topics to Culturally Diverse Trainee Groups
http://ori.dhhs.gov/documents/Alexander.RCR%20Guidebook.BW.pdf
A handbook, sponsored by ORI, on how to teach RCR topics to postdocs using case studies, based on findings gathered from postdoc focus groups; focus was given to identifying potential differences in approach for international postdocs, but they found few differences in approach were necessary
Burroughs Wellcome Fund and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (2006) Training Scientists to Make the Right Moves: A Practical Guide to Developing Programs in Scientific Management
http://www.hhmi.org/resources/labmanagement/training.html
A guide on how to teach a lab management course for postdocs and junior faculty
http://www.hhmi.org/resources/labmanagement/downloads/bwf_hhmi_case_study.pdf
A specific case study of a course on how to teach a lab management course
http://www.hhmi.org/resources/labmanagement/resources.html
Sample materials and resources for teaching a lab management class
Macrina, F.L. (2005) Scientific Integrity: Text and Cases in Responsible Conduct of Research (Third Edition). American Society for Microbiology Press, Washington, D.C.
Many of the case studies involve postdocs, and the author's course on scientific integrity at Virginia Commonwealth University is designed for grads and postdocs
Macrina, F.L., Funk, C.L., and Barrett, K. (2004) "Effectiveness of Responsible Conduct of Research Instruction: Initial Findings." Journal of Research Administration 6: 6-12.
http://www.srainternational.org/NewWeb/publications/Journal/pdf/VolXXXVNoII.pdf
Initial results of study of effectiveness of RCR training on postdocs; they find some evidence of greater attention to authorship issues among those with RCR training, but they also find significant awareness among those without RCR training |
